proton-motive force
energy that is generated by the transfer of protons or electrons across an energy-transducing membrane and that can be used for chemical, osmotic, or mechanical work. Proton–motive force can be generated by a variety of phenomena including the operation of an electron transport chain, illumination of a purple membrane, and the hydrolysis of aTP by a proton atpase.
Plants need to regulate water in order to stay upright and structurally stable. Find out the different evolutionary adaptations of plants in terms of structure (e.g. stomata) and physiological mechanisms (e.g. root pressure, capillarity, transpiration pull, curving of leaves, etc.) that enabled them to maintain the appropriate water level...
The circulatory system is key to the transport of vital biomolecules and nutrients throughout the body. Learn about the different components and functions of the human circulatory system dealt with in detail in this tutorial. The lymphatic system is also elucidated elaborately here...
The human respiratory system is an efficient system of inspiring and expiring respiratory gases. This tutorial provides details of the different parts and functions of the respiratory system...
Molecules move within the cell or from one cell to another through different strategies. Transport may be in the form of simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport, osmosis, endocytosis, exocytosis, epithelial transport, or glandular secretion. This tutorial provides elaborate details on each of these mechanisms. Find out how. ..
Plants are responsible for incredible feats of molecular transformation. Plant processes, such as photosynthesis, photophosphorylation, chemiosmosis, carbon fixing reactions, respiration, are presented in this tutorial...
