40 results found

Search Results for: amine

Galactosamine

Definition noun, plural: galactosamines A hexosamine, where galactose contains an amine (-NH2) instead of a hydroxyl (–OH)... Read More

Dopamine

Definition noun, plural: dopamines 3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine (chemical formula: C8H11NO2); a neurotransmitter or a hormone... Read More

Adenine

Definition noun plural: adenines ad·e·nine, ˈædɪnɪn (biochemistry) A purine nucleobase that complementary pairs... Read More

Acceptor

Acceptor a compound that will take up a chemical group (e.g., an amine group, a methyl group, a carbamoyl group) from... Read More

Alanine

What is alanine? Alanine is a non-essential amino acid. There are two types of amino acids for mammals namely essential and... Read More

Principles of Hormonal Control Systems

Hormones are chemical messengers that enter the blood directly upon their secretion from endocrine glands. A single gland or... Read More

Pyrimidine

Definition noun plural: pyrimidines py·rim·i·dine, py·rim·i·dine A heterocyclic aromatic compound that presents as... Read More

Uracil

Definition noun plural: uracils u·ra·cil, ˈjʊərəsɪl (biochemistry) A pyrimidine nucleobase in RNA that... Read More

Valine

Amino acids are categorized into two groups based on the capability of the human body to synthesize them; essential and... Read More

Guanine

Definition noun plural: guanines gua·nine, ˈɡwɑː.niːn (biochemistry) A purine nucleobase that complementary pairs... Read More

Amino sugar

Definition noun, plural: amino sugars A sugar molecule the nonglycosidic hydroxyl (–OH) group is replaced by an amine... Read More

Thymidine monophosphate

Definition noun plural: thymidine monophosphates (biochemistry) A nucleotide composed of thymine, deoxyribose and a... Read More

Aspartate

What Is Aspartate? Aspartate is an amino acid involved in protein production. Like all other amino acids, it possesses both... Read More

Catabolism

Catabolism Definition Catabolism is the branch of the metabolic process that breaks down complex, big molecules into... Read More

Purine

Definition noun plural: purines pu•rine, ˈpjʊəɹiːn A heterocyclic aromatic compound with a chemical structure... Read More

Thymine

Thymine Definition A thymine is a pyrimidine nucleobase in the DNA molecule that complementary pairs with adenine. It has a... Read More

Fat-soluble vitamin

Definition noun, plural: fat-soluble vitamins Any from the group of vitamins that are insoluble in water but soluble in fat... Read More

Guanosine monophosphate

Definition noun plural: guanosine monophosphates (biochemistry) A nucleotide composed of guanine, ribose and a phosphate... Read More

Thymidine diphosphate

Definition noun plural: thymidine diphosphates (biochemistry) A nucleotide composed of thymine, deoxyribose and two... Read More

Nucleobase

Definition noun plural: nucleobases (biochemistry) The base in the nucleic acid, e.g. purines and pyrimidines Details ... Read More

Thymidine triphosphate

Definition noun plural: thymidine triphosphates (biochemistry) A nucleotide composed of thymine, deoxyribose and three... Read More

Uridine monophosphate

Definition noun plural: uridine monophosphates (biochemistry) A nucleotide composed of uracil, ribose and a phosphate... Read More

Deoxyribonucleotide

Definition noun plural: deoxyribonucleotides de·ox·y·ri·bo·nu·cle·o·tide, diˌɒk... Read More

Pentapeptide

Definition noun, plural: pentapeptides A peptide containing five amino acids Supplement Peptides are biomolecules that are... Read More

Zwitterion

Definition noun, plural: zwitterions A molecule carrying both a positive and a negative charge Supplement A zwitterion is a... Read More

Protein

Protein Definition Proteins are biomolecules comprised of amino acid residues joined together by peptide bonds.... Read More

Isopeptide bond

Definition noun, plural: isopeptide bonds A peptide bond formed between a carboxyl group of one amino acid and an amino... Read More

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Definition A nucleic acid refers to any of the group of complex compounds made up of linear... Read More

Imino acid

Definition noun, plural: imino acids A molecule with both imine (>C=NH) and carboxylic (-COOH) functional groups attached... Read More

Ribonucleotide

Definition noun plural: ribonucleotides ri·bo·nu·cle·o·tide, ˌraɪbəʊˈnjuːklɪəˌtaɪd A form of nucleotide in... Read More

Mitochondrion

Mitochondrion Definition What are mitochondria? The term “mitochondrion” comes from the two words of the Greek... Read More

Uridine triphosphate

Definition noun plural: uridine triphosphates (biochemistry) A nucleotide composed of uracil, ribose and three phosphate... Read More

Peptide bond

Definition noun, plural: peptide bonds (1) The covalent bond joining amino acids, particularly at the carboxyl group of... Read More

Nonapeptide

Definition noun, plural: nonapeptides An oligopeptide comprised of nine amino acid residues Supplement Peptides are monomers... Read More

Vitamin

Definition noun, plural: vitamins A low molecular weight organic compound that is essential for normal growth and metabolic... Read More

Nucleotide

Nucleotide Definition A nucleotide is regarded as the basic building block of nucleic acid (e.g. DNA and RNA). A nucleic... Read More

Polypeptide

Polypeptide Definition Biology What are polypeptides? A polypeptide is defined as a polymer of amino acids joined together... Read More

Generic name

Definition noun, plural: generic names (taxonomy) The first name of a binomen (pharmacology) A misnomer for nonproprietary... Read More

Peptide

Definition noun, plural: peptides A compound consisting of amino acids connected by an amide bond Supplement Peptides are... Read More

Cytosine

Definition noun plural: cytosines cy·to·sine, ˈsaɪtəsiːn (biochemistry) A pyrimidine nucleobase that complementary... Read More