109 results found

Search Results for: mrna

Mature mRNA

Mature mRNA Definition Mature mRNA is the completely processed mRNA molecule in the cell of eukaryotes. The mRNA is a type... Read More

Precursor mRNA

Definition noun plural: precursor mRNAs An immature or incompletely processed mRNA molecule in eukaryotes that needs to be... Read More

Translation

Translation, in general, is the conversion of something into another form, such as a word from one language to another. But... Read More

Messenger ribonucleic acid

Definition noun plural: messenger ribonucleic acids mes•sen•ger ri•bo•nu•cle•ic ac•id, ˈmɛ.sɪn.dʒəɹ... Read More

Transcription (biology)

In biology, transcription is the process of transcribing or making a copy of the genetic information stored in a DNA strand... Read More

Protein synthesis

Protein synthesis is the process of creating protein molecules. In biological systems, it involves amino acid synthesis,... Read More

Ribonucleic acid

Ribonucleic Acid Definition noun (uncountable), ribonucleic acids ri·bo·nu·cle·ic ac·id, raɪboʊnjuːkliːɪk... Read More

Codon

What does codon mean? A codon, in biology, is the basic genetic unit of life that acts as the template for the amino acid... Read More

Ribosome

A biological cell is composed of many components called organelles. These organelles serve their specific purposes to make... Read More

Anticodon

The anticodon is a special code on tRNA that matches up with the instructions on the mRNA thus making sure that the... Read More

HnRNA

Definition noun, plural: hnRNAs The abbreviated form for heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleic acid: an extrachromosomal RNA... Read More

Endomembrane system

Ever wondered how biomolecules are made within the cell and then they are released outside the cell for use by the body?... Read More

Genetic Information and Protein Synthesis

Genetic Code Genes are sequences of DNA nucleotides that carry and transmit the information specifying amino acid sequences... Read More

Role of Golgi Apparatus & Endoplasmic Reticulum in Protein Synthesis

Continued from the previous tutorial that introduces protein synthesis... mRNA and tRNA mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters... Read More

Protein Synthesis

If you have jumped straight to this page, you may wish to look at the previous tutorial about DNA, which gives background... Read More

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes

Reviewed by: Mary Anne Clark, Ph.D. Eukaryotic Gene Structure In prokaryotes the DNA is located in the... Read More

Nucleic acid

Nucleic Acid Definition A nucleic acid refers to any of the group of complex compounds consisting of chains of monomers of... Read More

Nonsense mutation

A nonsense mutation is the type of point mutation that renders the translation process useless by coding for a stop/nonsense... Read More

Nucleus

In cell biology, the nucleus is the large, membrane-bounded organelle that contains the genetic material in the form of... Read More

Frameshift mutation

Define Frameshift Mutation What is a frameshift mutation? In biology, insertions or deletions of nucleotides in the coding... Read More

Gene

A gene is the fundamental, physical, and functional unit of heredity. The genes make up the sequences of DNA (genotypes).... Read More

Exon

When we look at the genome sizes and the organism complexity, it becomes quite confusing at times. This is because we... Read More

Genetic material

Genetic Material Definition What is genetic material? Genetic material is the hereditary substance in the cell. It carries... Read More

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Definition The rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER or rER) is a membrane-bound organelle... Read More

Silent mutation

A mutation is a change in the nucleotide sequence of a gene or a chromosome. When there is only one nucleotide involved, it... Read More

Protein

Protein Definition Proteins are biomolecules comprised of amino acid residues joined together by peptide bonds.... Read More

Endoplasmic reticulum

Endoplasmic Reticulum Definition The endoplasmic reticulum is a membrane-bound organelle in cells of eukaryotic cells... Read More

Nucleotide

Nucleotide Definition A nucleotide is regarded as the basic building block of nucleic acid (e.g. DNA and RNA). A nucleic... Read More

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Definition A nucleic acid refers to any of the group of complex compounds made up of linear... Read More

Transfer ribonucleic acid

Definition noun plural: transfer ribonucleic acids trans•fer ri•bo•nu•cle•ic ac•id, ˈtɹænsfɝ... Read More

Genetic Control – On and Off Genes

Reviewed by: Mary Anne Clark, Ph.D. This lesson looks at the various factors involved that affect growth and... Read More

MRNA

Definition noun plural: mRNAs Messenger ribonucleic acid See: Messenger ribonucleic acid for further information.... Read More

Termination

Definition noun (general) The process, act, or state of terminating (biochemistry) A process in which the mRNA synthesis... Read More

Poly a tail

Definition noun A long stretch of (about ten to 200 or more) adenine nucleotides added to the "tail" or 3' end of the... Read More

Primer extension

Definition noun A method that uses the enzyme Reverse Transcriptase (RNA-dependent DNA polymerase) to determine the... Read More

Polyadenylation

Definition noun The synthesis of a poly a tail at the end of an RNA molecule. Supplement The adding of a poly-A stretch at... Read More

Complementary DNA

Definition noun A double stranded DNA produced from the messenger RNA synthesis in a reaction catalyzed by an enzymes... Read More

Mitochondrial DNA

Mitochondrial DNA Definition noun plural: mitochondrial DNAs The genetic material in the mitochondrion that carries code... Read More

Virus

Definition noun, plural: viruses A submicroscopic infectious agent that is unable to grow or reproduce outside a host... Read More

Degenerate

Degenerate means to become worse or less of its kind or former state. In biology, it means an entity performs the same... Read More