50 results found

Search Results for: codon

Codon

What does codon mean? A codon, in biology, is the basic genetic unit of life that acts as the template for the amino acid... Read More

Anticodon

The anticodon is a special code on tRNA that matches up with the instructions on the mRNA thus making sure that the... Read More

Translation

Translation, in general, is the conversion of something into another form, such as a word from one language to another. But... Read More

Frameshift mutation

Define Frameshift Mutation What is a frameshift mutation? In biology, insertions or deletions of nucleotides in the coding... Read More

Initiation codon

Initiation codon The codon 5' AUG in mrna, at which polypeptide synthesis is started. It is recognised by formylmethionyl... Read More

Codon initiator

Codon, initiator Any codon that directs initiation of genetic translation (translation, genetic) by stimulating the binding... Read More

Nonsense mutation

A nonsense mutation is the type of point mutation that renders the translation process useless by coding for a stop/nonsense... Read More

Ambiguous codon

Ambiguous codon (Science: molecular biology) a codon that codes for more than one amino... Read More

Missense mutation

What is a missense mutation? Literally speaking, a mutation that changes the meaning of the encoded gene sequence is the... Read More

Genetic Mutations

Reviewed by: Mary Anne Clark, Ph.D. Genetic Mutations Genetic mutations are inherited variations in an... Read More

Silent mutation

A mutation is a change in the nucleotide sequence of a gene or a chromosome. When there is only one nucleotide involved, it... Read More

Protein synthesis

Protein synthesis is the process of creating protein molecules. In biological systems, it involves amino acid synthesis,... Read More

Termination codon

termination codon (Science: molecular biology) The three codons, UAA known as ochre, UAG as amber and UGA as opal, that do... Read More

Mutation

A mutation is a permanent, heritable change in the nucleotide sequence or the process by which such a change occurs in a... Read More

Transcription (biology)

In biology, transcription is the process of transcribing or making a copy of the genetic information stored in a DNA strand... Read More

Degenerate

Degenerate means to become worse or less of its kind or former state. In biology, it means an entity performs the same... Read More

Genetic Information and Protein Synthesis

Genetic Code Genes are sequences of DNA nucleotides that carry and transmit the information specifying amino acid sequences... Read More

Messenger ribonucleic acid

Definition noun plural: messenger ribonucleic acids mes•sen•ger ri•bo•nu•cle•ic ac•id, ˈmɛ.sɪn.dʒəɹ... Read More

Mitochondrion

Mitochondrion Definition What are mitochondria? The term “mitochondrion” comes from the two words of the Greek... Read More

Mutagen

Mutagen Definition What is a mutagen? A mutagen is a substance or agent that causes DNA impairment that results in the... Read More

Transfer ribonucleic acid

Definition noun plural: transfer ribonucleic acids trans•fer ri•bo•nu•cle•ic ac•id, ˈtɹænsfɝ... Read More

Pentapeptide

Definition noun, plural: pentapeptides A peptide containing five amino acids Supplement Peptides are biomolecules that are... Read More

Ribosome

A biological cell is composed of many components called organelles. These organelles serve their specific purposes to make... Read More

Wobble hypothesis

wobble hypothesis (Science: molecular biology) explains why the base inosine is included in position 1 in the anticodons of... Read More

Ribonucleic acid

Ribonucleic Acid Definition noun (uncountable), ribonucleic acids ri·bo·nu·cle·ic ac·id, raɪboʊnjuːkliːɪk... Read More

Protein

Protein Definition Proteins are biomolecules comprised of amino acid residues joined together by peptide bonds.... Read More

Initiation

Definition noun (general) The beginning of a state or of a process; the act of initiating Supplement In general sense, the... Read More

Nucleotide deletion

Definition noun A deletion of a single nucleotide causing a shift in the reading frame of the codons in the mRNA, thus, may... Read More

Gene

A gene is the fundamental, physical, and functional unit of heredity. The genes make up the sequences of DNA (genotypes).... Read More

Ribosomal DNA

Definition noun DNA sequence that codes for ribosomal RNA Supplement Ribosomal DNA is the sequence of DNA that codes for... Read More

Role of Golgi Apparatus & Endoplasmic Reticulum in Protein Synthesis

Continued from the previous tutorial that introduces protein synthesis... mRNA and tRNA mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters... Read More

Ribosomal ribonucleic acid

Definition noun plural: ribosomal ribonucleic acids ri•bo•so•mal ri•bo•nu•cle•ic ac•id, ˈraɪ... Read More

Endomembrane system

Ever wondered how biomolecules are made within the cell and then they are released outside the cell for use by the body?... Read More

Enzyme

An enzyme is a biomolecule that can be synthesized biologically (naturally occurring) or through other processes... Read More

Trinucleotide repeat disorder

Definition noun, plural: trinucleotide repeat disorders Any of a set of genetic disorders caused by trinucleotide repeats... Read More

Termination

Definition noun (general) The process, act, or state of terminating (biochemistry) A process in which the mRNA synthesis... Read More

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Definition A nucleic acid refers to any of the group of complex compounds made up of linear... Read More

Threonine

Threonine (Science: amino acid) The hydroxylated polar amino acid. A colorless crystalline amino acid found in protein;... Read More

Neutral mutation

Neutral Mutation Definition What is a neutral mutation? Neutral mutations are the alterations in the DNA that are... Read More

Leader sequence

Definition noun (1) 5' UTR (five prime untranslated region); the section of mRNA and DNA beginning at the +1 position up to... Read More